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Desert environments seem to lack life and appear hostile to any organism. While we might consider deserts to be vast spaces of arid land, life in the ecosystem is plentiful, very specialised and rather diverse and fragile. On the surface, invasive species might seem relatively harmless in an environment where little native biodiversity exists. Plants,
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Open source software is not only a free resource but also gives people the opportunity to look at the underlying source code. Users can understand caveats or assumptions made by software and then eventually modify or adapt for their particular use. But what about packages or extensions? Are they also open source or partially licenced?
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Artwork at Jaxdistrict by Manveer. A critical statement named Wadi Hanifah explores landscape transformation inspired by the geography of the Hanifa Valley and aims at raising awareness about theharmful effects of plastic pollution. We previously outlined the regulatory history of environmental laws and currently acting institutions. Below we discuss the approval processes including the high-level classifications. Environmental permits and EIAs defined by NCEC The National Centre
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While the hyper-arid desert environment appears sparsely populated by flora and fauna and generally hostile, it still provides excellent habitat value for highly adapted plant and animal species. This natural environment is highly fragile to human and other disturbances as most life occurs beneath the surface and during extremely short periods. In 2001 the first
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We all know something about satellite data. It comes in different forms and sizes or, better, spatial and temporal resolutions. Wavelengths are captured in other bands; some include surface reflectance, elevation, thermal properties or backscatter. Stuff visible to the human eye (RGB) is the most comprehensible. Still, many ready-made analysis tools (water, soil, vegetation, temperature)
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Generative Design (GD), or “the future of making things”, promises a computerised way to answer design questions through specifying input, goals, and constraints. An effective co-designer for the human mind. Or maybe more? What is generative design today? By definition, generative design is a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) engineering process through which a designer collaborates with artificial
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The term “landscape”, as defined by the European Landscape Convention (Florence, 2000), covers the part of the land, as perceived by humans, which evolves through time as a result of being acted upon by nature and humans. Landscape architecture involves planning, designing, managing, and nurturing the built and natural environments, as the American Society of
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In the coming decades, urban heat islands (UHI) are predicted to become more challenging for cities, putting more stress on various social and biophysical systems, including human health, social comfort, urban infrastructure, energy demand, and water supply. One of the significant difficulties confronting our current generation of scientists and engineers is understanding how to reduce
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Who does not enjoy the great outdoors? We value physical activities in a natural or near-natural setting even more since we experienced a series of movement restrictions and lockdowns. The mental and physical benefits of physical activity are linked and well-documented. During the pandemic, we all got creative to find access to nature, create natural
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The worlds of cryptocurrencies, crypto-art, and Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) can sometimes be bewildering. NFTs, for example, can be used to represent real-world assets or as certifications of authenticity. How does this affect intellectual property rights, even though it demonstrates legal ownership? NFTs are a legal grey area regarding copyrights for various reasons worth studying. Non-fungible